Fecal calprotectin levels in patients with fibromyalgia: A cross-sectional study
Ece Çınar1
, Meryem Burcu Türkoğlu Aytar2, Musa Baklacı3, Simin Hepgüler1, Burcu Barutçuoğlu4
1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, İzmir, Türkiye
2Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kırşehir Training and Research Hospital, Kırşehir, Türkiye
3Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kemalpaşa State Hospital, İzmir, Türkiye
4Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, İzmir, Türkiye
Keywords: Abdominal pain, fecal calprotectin, fibromyalgia syndrome, irritable bowel syndrome.
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate levels of fecal calprotectin (FC), a biomarker that helps distinguish irritable bowel syndrome from inflammatory gut disorders, in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) and compare them to healthy controls.
Patients and methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out on patients diagnosed with FMS according to the ACR (American College of Rheumatology) 2016 classification and healthy controls between January 2021 and February 2022. FMS patients were grouped according to the absence (Group 1) or presence (Group 2) of gastrointestinal symptoms. A third group of healthy controls without gastrointestinal complaints (Group 3) was included. Demographic data, comorbidities, medications, symptom severity scale, and widespread pain index scores were recorded. All subjects were asked to provide stool samples for the measurement of FC levels.
Results: A total of 100 subjects were included in the study. There were 33 patients (4 males, 29 females, mean age: 46.9±10.6; range, 22 to 69 years) in Group 1, 32 patients (2 males, 30 females, mean age: 48.5±11.0; range, 22 to 73 years) in Group 2, and 35 patients (11 males, 24 females, mean age: 39.2±13.1; range, 22 to 67 years) in Group 3. Group 2 had significantly higher levels of FC compared to Group 3 (p< 0.05). The number of patients with positive FC values was similar between the three groups. Symptom severity scale and widespread pain index scores were significantly worse in Group 2 compared to Group 1 (p< 0.05).
Conclusion: Irritable bowel syndrome usually coexists in many patients with FMS, and this may cause a misdiagnosis or delay in the diagnosis of organic gastrointestinal conditions. The value of FC in screening and diagnosis of organic disease in FMS patients needs further evaluation.
Citation: Çınar E, Türkoğlu Aytar MB, Baklacı M, Hepgüler S, Barutçuoğlu B. Fecal calprotectin levels in patients with fibromyalgia: A crosssectional study. Arch Rheumatol 2024;39(4):522- 528. doi: 10.46497/ArchRheumatol.2024.10557.