Diastolic dysfunction in Behçet's disease and its relationship with clinical manifestations of the disease: A case-control study
Gizem Varkal1
, Rabia Eker Akıllı2, İpek Türk1, Zeynep Tüzün1, Burak Mete3, Süleyman Özbek1
1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Türkiye
2Department of Cardiology, Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Türkiye
3Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Public Health, Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Türkiye
Keywords: Behçet's disease, diastolic dysfunction, vasculitis.
Abstract
Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the frequency of diastolic dysfunction (DD) in patients with Behçet's disease (BD) and its relationship with clinical manifestations.
Patients and methods: Seventy patients (35 females, 35 males; mean age: 39.3±11.0 years; range, 21 to 61 years) with BD and 50 healthy controls (27 females, 23 males; mean age: 38.8±10.0 years; range, 23 to 62 years) were included in the case-control study between October 2023 and December 2023. Age, sex, smoking status, disease duration, mucocutaneous involvement, other organ involvement, treatment received of the patients were recorded. The E/A ratio (the ratio of early diastolic wave to the atrial wave) and the E/E' ratio (the ratio of early transmitral filling velocity to early diastolic mitral annular velocity), which are markers of DD, were measured by transthoracic echocardiography.
Results: Diastolic dysfunction was observed in 27.1% (n=19) of BD patients and 8% (n=4) of healthy controls (p=0.017). Male dominance was observed in patients with major organ involvement (MOI) compared to patients with isolated mucocutaneous involvement (p=0.001). While MOI was observed at a rate of 65.7%, ocular involvement, among the MOIs, constituted 52.9% of all BD patients. The percentage of patients with a mitral E/A ratio <1 was similar between the MOI and isolated mucocutaneous involvement groups. However, vascular involvement was observed in 47.4% of BD patients with a mitral E/A ratio <1 (p=0.034). In addition, it was observed that the group with a mitral E/A ratio <1 was older, had a longer disease duration, and had a higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
Conclusion: Diastolic dysfunction is an early sign of cardiac involvement, and prolonged vascular involvement in BD increases the risk of DD.
Citation: Varkal G, Eker Akıllı R, Türk İ, Tüzün Z, Mete B, Özbek S. Diastolic dysfunction in Behçet's disease and its relationship with clinical manifestations of the disease: A case-control study. Arch Rheumatol 2024;39(4):624-630. doi: 10.46497/ArchRheumatol.2024.10772.