Ozenc Inan1, Ebru Aytekin2, Yasemin Pekin Dogan2, Ilhan Nahit Mutlu3, Kübra Aydemir4, Nuran Oz5, Nil Sayiner Caglar2

1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Bursa City Hospital, Bursa, Türkiye
2Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
3Department of Radiology, Istanbul Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
4Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Adıyaman Training and Research Hospital, Adıyaman, Türkiye
5Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Division of Rheumatology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye

We read your letter with interest and would like to respond to some points that need clarification.

First of all, we would like to recall that the study was based on the current imaging and disease activity scores of patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) diagnosed within Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society (ASAS) classification criteria. The study design was not based on newly diagnosed patients or retrospective data. Therefore, we did not include additional information regarding the identification of patient groups from the Human Leukocyte Antigen B27 (HLA-B27) arm and/or imaging arm at the time of diagnosis. Indeed, the literature reports that within 2-10 years, 10-40% of patients with nonradiographic axSpA may progress to radiographic axSpA.[1] Similarly, another study reported that bone marrow edema in the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) may change over the years in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) follow-up of patients with axSpA.[2] In that study, the proportion of patients with the positive MRI definition of ASAS decreased from 29.3% to 22% at five-year MRI follow-up. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the correlation of current disease activity scores with the Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada (SPARCC) scoring system based on current MRI imaging rather than at the time of diagnosis.

We agree that the correlation coefficient is likely to be higher in HLA-B27-negative patients than in HLA-B27-positive patients. However, this criticism may be meaningful in cases where a significant correlation between disease activity scores and SPARCC scores in HLA-B27-positive patients has been reported and it has been argued that SPARCC scores may be important indicators of disease activity in HLA-B27-positive patients. In our study, only a correlation between the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), a disease activity score, and SPARCC scores was reported in HLA-B27-negative patients.

The percentage of patients using anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents in Table 2 was entered incorrectly during data transfer. In our study, 12.5% (n=4) of the patients were using anti-TNF agents. We have discussed the tendency of anti-TNF agents to improve MRI scores in SIJ in our discussion section.[3] On the other hand, although controversial, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may also decrease bone marrow edeme and SPARCC scores in SIJ.[4] Additionally, anti-TNF agents are known to be highly effective in improving disease activity scores, in addition to improving MRI scores.[5] From this perspective, we would like to point out that the type of drug may affect both poles of the correlation to different degrees.

In this study, correlation analysis of disease activity and SPARCC scores was included instead of a correlation analysis according to the type of drug used. Nevertheless, your contribution is valuable in terms of opening the door to new studies investigating differences according to the type of drug used.

In conclusion, there are many factors that may affect correlation analyses in axSpA patients. By eliminating these factors as much as possible, healthier results can be reported.

Citation: Inan O, Aytekin E, Pekin Dogan Y, Mutlu IN, Aydemir K, Oz N, et al. Comment to the article: Numerous factors hamper objective assessment of disease activity in axial spondyloarthritis. Arch Rheumatol 2024;39(4):687-688. doi: 10.46497/ArchRheumatol.2024.93654.

Author Contributions

All authors contributed equally to this article.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declared no conflicts of interest with respect to the authorship and/or publication of this article.

Financial Disclosure

The authors received no financial support for the research and/or authorship of this article.

Data Sharing Statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

References

  1. Protopopov M, Poddubnyy D. Radiographic progression in non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2018;14:525-533. doi: 10.1080/1744666X.2018.1477591.
  2. Madari Q, Sepriano A, Ramiro S, Molto A, Claudepierre P, Wendling D, et al. 5-year followup of spinal and sacroiliac MRI abnormalities in early axial spondyloarthritis: data from the DESIR cohort. RMD Open 2020;6:e001093. doi: 10.1136/ rmdopen-2019-001093.
  3. Cantarini L, Fabbroni M, Talarico R, Costa L, Caso F, Cuneo GL, et al. Effectiveness of Adalimumab in Non-radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis: Evaluation of Clinical and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Outcomes in a Monocentric Cohort. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015;94:e1170. doi: 10.1097/ MD.0000000000001170.
  4. Jones G, Bennett A, Sengupta R, Machado P, Marzo-Ortega H, Aucott L, et al. POS0690 In axial spondyloarthritis, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reduce mri-appearance of sacroiliitis. ARD 2023;82:629.
  5. Callhoff J, Sieper J, Weiß A, Zink A, Listing J. Efficacy of TNFa blockers in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: a meta-analysis. Ann Rheum Dis 2015;74:1241-8. doi: 10.1136/ annrheumdis-2014-205322.